ABSTRACT
El climaterio es una etapa fisiológica que permite al médico reconocer tempranamente los riesgos de patologías y la gran oportunidad de revertirlas. Este trabajo examinará la evidencia actual de la terapia hormonal en la prevención primaria de la enfermedad cardiovascular en mujeres, así como la importancia que igualmente tienen la indemnidad de los ovarios, el peso normal, el uso correcto de antibióticos, la preservación de la microbiota intestinal, las dietas antioxidantes, los estilos de vida saludables y el obligatorio abandono del hábito de fumar.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Climacteric/physiology , Menopause/physiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Hormone Replacement Therapy , Heart Disease Risk Factors , Smoking/adverse effects , Andropause/physiology , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Atherosclerosis/prevention & control , Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects , Healthy LifestyleABSTRACT
El declinar de la función testicular propia del envejecimiento ha adquirido relevancia en los últimos años, sin embargo aún no se conoce su prevalencia, ni existe uniformidad para el diagnóstico. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con el objetivo de determinar la prevalencia y características clínico-hormonales del déficit androgénico en varones de 60 años y más. Se incluyeron 70 sujetos de un área de salud, seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio estratificado polietápico, a los cuales se interrogó sobre la presencia de síntomas de deficiencia androgénica, se les realizó examen físico general y genital y determinaciones de testosterona total, hormona luteinizante y hormona folículo estimulante en sangre periférica. De acuerdo con las concentraciones de la testosterona se dividieron en 2 grupos: a) sujetos con deficiencia androgénica y b) sujetos sin deficiencia androgénica. Los que presentaron déficit androgénico tenían un peso significativamente superior, una proporción mayor de obesidad y una talla significativamente inferior. Los síntomas de déficit androgénico fueron frecuentes, los refirieron indistintamente los integrantes de ambos grupos y se presentaron independientemente de las concentraciones de las hormonas sexuales. En general, las gonadotropinas estaban aumentadas fundamentalmente a expensas de hormona folículo estimulante y su comportamiento fue independiente de las concentraciones de testosterona(AU)
Decline of testicular function typical of aging has acquired relevance in past years, however yet it is unknown its prevalence and there is not evenness for its diagnosis. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was made to determine the prevalence and clinical-hormonal features of androgen deficit in males aged 60 or more. Included are 70 subjects from a health area selected by multistage stratified randomized sampling that were interrogated about presence of androgen deficiency syndrome and underwent a physical and genital examination and total testosterone determinations, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone in peripheral blood. According the testosterone concentrations they were divided into two groups: a) subjects presenting with androgen deficiency and b) subjects without this type of deficiency. Those with androgen deficit had a higher weight, a higher obesity ratio, and a significantly lower height. The symptoms of androgen deficit were frequent, recounted indiscriminately by both groups and independently of sexual hormone concentrations. Generally, gonadotropins were increased mainly at the expense of follicle-stimulating hormone and its behavior was independent of the testosterone concentrations(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Physical Examination , Andropause/physiology , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/adverse effects , Androgens/deficiency , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relative risk of late-onset hypogonadism in men with osteoporosis and the usefulness of screening questionnaires. METHODS: We correlated the Aging Male's Symptoms (AMS), Androgen Deficiency in Aging Male (ADAM) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaires and the laboratory diagnosis of hypogonadism in 216 men aged 50-84 years (110 with osteoporosis and 106 with normal bone density, paired by age and ethnicity). RESULTS: Hypogonadism presented in 25 percent of the osteoporotic and in 12.2 percent of normal bone density men (OR 2.08; IC95 percent: 1.14-3.79) and was associated with ADAM first question (low libido, p=0.013). Levels of TT below 400 ng/dl correlated with an AMS score above 26 (p=0.0278). IIEF-5 showed no correlation with testosterone levels. CONCLUSION: Hypogonadism was 2.08 times more prevalent in osteoporotic men. The symptom that best correlated with late-onset hypogonadism was low libido (ADAM 1 positive).
OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o risco relativo de hipogonadismo tardio em homens com osteoporose e a utilidade de questionários de triagem. MÉTODOS: Correlacionamos a pontuação dos questionários Aging Male's Symptoms (AMS), Androgen Deficiency of the Aging Male (ADAM) e International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) com dosagens de testosteronas em 216 homens entre 50 e 84 anos (110 com osteoporose e 106 com densidade óssea normal, pareados por idade e etnia). RESULTADOS: Hipogonadismo ocorreu em 25 por cento dos osteoporóticos e em 12,2 por cento dos com densidade óssea normal (RR 2,08; IC95 por cento: 1,143,79) e esteve associado à pergunta 1 do ADAM (diminuição de libido, p = 0,013). Testosterona total < 400 ng/dL associou-se a AMS > 26 (p = 0,0278). Disfunção erétil, avaliada pelo IIEF-5, não se correlacionou com dosagens de testosteronas. CONCLUSÃO: Hipogonadismo foi 2,08 vezes mais prevalente em homens com osteoporose e esteve associado à diminuição da libido (ADAM 1 positivo).